Kaesung Industrial Complex in North Korea research paper

Kaesung Industrial Complex in North Korea - Research Paper Example plex is a result of the attempt to improve relations between South Korea and North Korea made by Hyundai Group beginning in 1998 that coincided with the Republic of Korea’s policy (Manyin 5). In addition to this, several dozen South Korean companies had facilities there which include chemical, machinery, textile and electronics factories (Britannica.com). Most of the employees are from North Korea, but still, there are people from southern part too and all together they create a cheap labor for the South. Moreover, it is a duty-free zone that has no restrictions on the use of foreign currency or credit cards (Manyin 6). However, the political situation also plays an important role in the relationships between two countries. For example, the deteriorating inter-Korean relations in 2013 led to both countries’ withdrawal of their employees from the industrial zone. Furthermore, this city is an important cultural and educational center. There were many tombs, palaces and te mples which were destroyed during the war, but hopefully many of them were restored and were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2013 (Britannica.com). The Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) is an economic enterprise in which companies of southern Korea have set up factories in a North Korean enclave ten miles north of the demilitarized zone. Although, it is a way for South Korean companies to use cheap labor from North Korea for low-end products. The president Roh Moo-hyun who was a liberal, tried to make Kaesong economically viable. He provided the foreign markets with goods which were produced in the complex. In addition to this, his administration made a lot of attempts to gain a duty-free status for products of Kaesong. Roh tried to place the language in the KORUS FTA. The United States refused to include this language in the agreement because it would give certain benefits to North Korean regime. It is actually the last example of the inter-Korean cooperation projects. Their relations

Health Care Museum Essay Example for Free

Health Care Museum Essay Development Description Analysis (How does the development affect the current U.S. health care system?) 1. Surgery A surgical procedure is medical treatment that involves a physician cutting into a patient’s body to repair or remove something. Surgery procedures have existed since prehistoric man. In 1540 C.E. barbers and surgeons united to form The United Barber-Surgeons Company. These barber-surgeons performed tooth extractions and bloodletting procedures. As our knowledge grows, so do our abilities. Some procedures such as tracheostomy, described in detail by Paul of Aegina (625-690 AD), remain pertinent today while others which contributed to the demise of many patients (e. g. bloodletting) were surprisingly slow to disappear (Hindle, K. S., Hindle, S. J., 2001). Surgeries save many lives. Today surgeries are used for replacements and transplants. Elective non-life threatening surgeries are performed quite commonly now. Microsurgery uses small incisions to minimize exposure and reduce the impact of the procedure all together. There is also cosmetic surgery which is usually elective and not medically necessary. With today’s surgical practices the body can be manipulated in many ways with minimal effect. 2. Technology Technology is the creation and usage of tools for achieving goals. In health care, technology is used for information purposes, to teach, and heal. We have computers that keep track of medical records. We have machines that can see through the human body. There are sensors that can collect data from a patient and transmit it wirelessly to a physician. There are even machines that aid physicians during surgery. Technology completely affects health care. It has allowed patients and doctors to stay connected better than ever. Telecommunications provide health care workers with the ability to  communicate with each other all around the world. Technology has allowed for easier storage and access to medical information. Health care workers can locate a patient’s information with the click of a button. Patients can go online and access a plethora of health information. Technology also enables us to view the body in new ways (CAT scan, x-rays). Robotics allow physicians to perform s urgeries in places where they cannot be via remote link. 3. Child Birth Beginning back in the Renaissance era barber-surgeons provide child birth services. Much later in 1716 midwives were given the ability to obtain licenses and help women through labor. Shortly after the war of 1812 medical schools began teaching birthing techniques to physicians. By the 1900’s physicians attended approximately half of the nation’s births. Child birthing at hospitals performed by physicians are much safer than the â€Å"home births† of yester years. With hospitals the patient’s area is always clean and sterile. This reduces risk for the mother and child. With physicians as the primary deliverer, complications can be handled sooner and adequately. These techniques have allowed the safe birthing of millions. This protects are future generations by keeping them safe. 4. Vaccines As the United States grew toward independence in the 1700’s, public health efforts also grew. In 1796 Dr. Edward Jenner created and tested the first vaccine (Henderson, D. A., 1997). After word of the discovery two London doctors confirmed Jenner’s findings and began wide distribution. Within 3 years the information was translated into 4 different languages and spread across 4 continents. The success of vaccines has led to a situation where many health care providers and parents have not witnessed the morbidity and mortality of the diseases for which these agents are indicated (Ruddock, B., Malak, K., 2005). Vaccines offer protection from numerous disease. Without vaccines illness would be far more rampant. 5. Medicare In 1965 President Johnson signed into law the Medicare program. Medicare provides medical access for citizens 65 and older who cannot afford care themselves. Over time the coverage has expanded to include disabled citizens  and those with end stage renal disease. Medicare gives medical access to many people who would not have it otherwise. Medicare is the government’s first program associated with public health insurance. Since then the U.S. has seen Medicaid and now recently the Affordable Care Act. Essentially, these are government programs designed to ensure care for citizens. These programs expand health care. As more people are able to have health coverage, more health care services become needed. While these programs provide protection they also stimulate growth within the medical field. Part 2 How does everything connect? Write up a comprehensive overview of how these events evolved into each other. First on my list is surgery. While child birth has been around since the dawn of man, modern birthing practices did not come into effect until the 1800’s. Surgical procedures on the other hand, have been dated back to 6500 hundred years before common era (BCE). Skulls found in France show signs of a rudimentary surgery called trepanation, which involves drilling a hole in the skull. (Heisler. J., 2014). Surgery has been a major health tool for a very long time and we are still improving upon it today. Technology comes second on the list because ever since man realized he could manipulate the body, tools have been needed to do so. Even the skulls in France required some sort of tool to drill the hole. Of course technology goes beyond simple tools. Technology encompasses numerous devices each with their own unique quality. Technology expands our capabilities and allows us to do things we simply could not do ourselves. Technology also improves child birthing techniques. Thanks to sonograms physicians can see babies inside of the womb. This gives them great insight into the condition and development of the child in the womb. Before technology such as this, parents had to wait till the day of birth before they knew anything about the child. Next on the list are vaccines. While child birth did not directly influence the invention of vaccines, technology in fact did. Without the tools to collect and hold specimens, Jenner would never have been able to conduct his research. Additionally, vaccines have improved the health status of everyone  including children. Thanks to vaccines, children (and ultimately the population) no longer have to worry about Polio and other various viruses. Most required vaccines are given to children during their developing years. This protect the child through their entire life. Last of the developments is Medicare. Vaccines didn’t directly lead to Medicare, however all other developments did. With surgical procedures, technology, vaccines, and better child birthing practices, more people are able to live longer lives. As the population’s life expectancy increases, so does the need for care in all facets of life. Programs like Medicare protect the elderly by providing health care for those who could not afford it on their own. Essentially, social policies eventually become important for societies that can provide health care. Medicare, Medicaid, and the Affordable Care Act are necessary social devices that protect U.S. citizens. References Austin, A., Wetle, V. (2012). The United States health care system: Combining business, health, and delivery. (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Lemelson-MIT. (2003, April). Louis Pasteur. Retrieved from http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/pasteur.html Henderson, D. A. (1997). Edward Jenner’s vaccine. Public Health Reports, 112(2), 116-21. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/230183418?accountid=458 Ruddock, B., Malak, K. (2005). Sorting out risks, benefits of vaccine. Canadian Pharmacists Journal, 138(5), 59-60. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/221177193?accountid=458 Hindle, K. S., Hindle, S. J. (2001). A history of surgery. Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain).Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94(8), 423. Retrieved from http://search.pr Heisler. J. (2014). The Evolution of Surgery. Retrieved from http://surgery.about.com/od/surgeryinthemedia/a/HistoryOfSurgeryTimeline.htm

My Desire to be an Early Childhood Special Education Teacher Essay

My Desire to be an Early Childhood Special Education Teacher Imagine yourself to be a young child sitting in a classroom. The teacher has given instructions, and everyone is working, except you. You want to raise your hand, but are hesitant due to the fear of being laughed at. The teacher scolds you for not being on task, and for having to perhaps stay afterwards to catch up on your work. You feel ashamed and want to give up altogether. The teacher glares at you waiting for you to start your work. This example is one that I do not want to have my students experience in the classroom. I have the desire to become an Early Childhood Special Education teacher. I want to assist the child that feels lost, or does not catch on as quickly as the other children. I want the nature of the students to be relaxed, and energetic. I want the children to be curious and involved in every aspect of the learning process. I hope that the students will learn through hands on activities, as well as group and visual lessons. The students in my class should feel that the classroom...

Macbeth: Tragic Hero or Monster Essay

In the play Macbeth by Shakespeare Macbeth is anything but a tragic hero. Macbeth wants to be a hero for power, not to help the kingdom and make it a better place. Macbeth is doing everything a tragic hero would not do. Macbeth only cares about himself, by ruining the great change of being and putting everything in danger. Also he has let the fame take over him, by not caring about the kingdom or the people of the kingdom. Macbeth also does not handle things like a true hero would, by killing everyone who he fears. Macbeth is a greedy, self- indulged monster who only cares about him. Macbeth is a selfish human who only cares about himself, making him a monster more than a tragic hero. Macbeth shows that he is a monster when he pretends to act all innocent, to get on the good side of the king just to betray him. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are talking about their plan to deceive the king. Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth to â€Å" beguile the time, Look like the time. Bear welcome in your eye, Your hand, Your tongue. Look like th’ innocent flower, But be the serpent under’t† (1,5,65-68). This quotes shows that for Macbeth to become the king he will have to deceive King Duncan, so he can gain the kings trust and then kill him. Macbeth does not do this for the people of the kingdom or even think about what will happen to the kingdom. The phrase â€Å"beguile the time, Look like the time† shows that he is going to deceive the king so he can gain trust from the king, and then just betray him. This is something a monster would do not a tragic hero. A hero would try to earn power and do it for the people not just for power like Macbeth. Macbeth is also showing that he is a monster when he would gladly kill the king. Macbeth is talking to himself saying, â€Å"If the assassination Could trammel up the consequence, and catch With his surcease success; that but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all here, But here, upon this bank and shoal of time, We’d jump the life to come† (1,7, 2-7). This quote shows that if there were not any consequence to killing the king he would do it in a second. The phrase â€Å"upon this bank and shoal of time, We’d jump the life to come†, shows that he is saying he would happily kill the king and put the afterlife in risk too. That is something a tragic hero would never do, because they would protect their king even if they are o consequences and also they would not put the afterlife in danger. This is something Macbeth would have never done because all he wants is power. These quotation show that Macbeth is doing this just for power, also if he were not just doing it for power he would have let the great chain of being chosen him if he was destined to be the king. Therefore Macbeth only cares about himself, making him a monster. Macbeth has let the fame take over him, making him become greedy and not care about the people. Macbeth is so happy that he is powerful and can do anything and no one can stop him from doing anything. Macbeth has let the fame get to his head by this he has began not care about the people in his kingdom, not even his own wife. Macbeth is asking the witches to tell him what his future will be, â€Å"Though you untie the winds and let them fight Against the churches, though the yeasty waves Confound and swallow navigation up, Though bladed corn be lodged and trees blown down, Though castles topple on their warders’ heads, Though palaces and pyramids do slope Their heads to their foundations, though the treasure Of nature’s germens tumble all together, Even till destruction sicken, answer me To what I ask you† (4,1, 52-63). This quote shows that to find out what will happen to him. Macbeth would not care if the kingdom will destroy as long as he will get to know what happens to him. The phrase â€Å"Though you untie the winds and let them fight Against the churches, though the yeasty waves Confound and swallow navigation up†, is showing that as long he knows what is going to happen to him, he does not care if they have to unleash violent winds that tear down churches, make really big waves that overwhelm ships and make the sailors die. A tragic hero would not want to know what his future is, if it meant that he would put his whole kingdom in danger. Also a tragic hero would not force witches to tell him what will happen to him in the future, but he would ask politely and or do them a favor. Macbeth does the opposite and forces them to tell him what he wants to know by saying, â€Å"To what I ask you†. Macbeth also is really into the fame that he does not care his own wife died. Seyton has just told Macbeth that the queen is dead; Macbeth’s response is â€Å"She should have died hereafter. There would have been a time for such a word. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day To the last syllable of recorded time, And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death† (5,5,17–23). This shows that Macbeth does not care that his wife has died, because to him she was going to die sooner or later. The phrase â€Å"There would have been a time for such a word†, shows that he really does not care saying why does it matter she would have died someday, who really cares. A tragic hero would have been sad that his wife has just died, and also would show that he cares about her, by doing something big like a funeral for her. Also the phrase â€Å"And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death†, shows that the fame has really gotten to his head because before he was a king, he loved lady Macbeth and know since the fame has taken over him he is calling her a fool and saying that she deserves to die. Macbeth is a self-indulged monster letting the fame takeover him and making him become more monstrous. Macbeth does not handle things like a tragic hero would but like a monster, who kills everyone who threatens him or who he does not like. Macbeth fears everyone who he thinks can take all the power away from him, or people who know that he killed king Duncan. A tragic hero would never kill some who he fears, but face them, something Macbeth can never do. After Lennox tells Macbeth that Macduff has fled, Macbeth tells Lennox everything he is going to do. â€Å"The castle of Macduff I will surprise, Seize upon Fife, give to th’ edge o’ th’ sword His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls That trace him in his line†(4,1, 156-160). Macbeth is afraid of Macduff; this quote shows that he will destroy anything of Macduff. The phrase â€Å"to th’ edge o’ th’ sword His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls That trace him in his line†, shows that he is going to kill or destroy everything or anyone that has anything to do with Macduff, because he fears Macduff. He is trying to get rid of his fear by destroying everything and anyone who in the line of Macbeth. Macbeth does this to try to make Macduff scared of him; also it helps Macbeth be proud and less scared of Macduff. It also shows that Macbeth is doing thing that no human would do, but a monster. Macbeth also fears of Banquo who will do anything to kill him. Macbeth has a feeling that Banquo suspects that he knows that he killed king Duncan, so Macbeth wants to kill Banquo. Macbeth is telling the murders he has a plan to kill Banquo, â€Å"I will put that business in your bosoms, Whose execution takes your enemy off, Grapples you to the heart and love of us, Who wear our health but sickly in his life, Which in his death were perfect† (3,1, 107-111). Macbeth is scared of Banquo and will be in peace when Banquo is dead. The phrase â€Å"Whose execution takes your enemy off, Grapples you to the heart and love of us†, shows that Macbeth is getting other people to do his dirty work for him and is killing innocent people, just because he fears them. Something a tragic hero would never do because they do not kill people who they fear, and they fight their own battles. These quotation show that Macbeth only cares about himself and killing people he fears being monstrous. Macbeth is a greedy, self-indulged monster who only cares about him. Macbeth killed royalty to make his dream come true and does not care about others. Macbeth also is a self-indulged and does not care about his wife or his kingdom. For Macbeth to keep his royal standards he will kill anyone he fears or who threatens him. Therefore Macbeth will not let anyone get in the way of him becoming the king, making the kingdom a horrible place. Macbeth had choices, a choice to let the great chain of being decide everything or, a choice of destroying the great chain of being and making things his way. Macbeth chose to do thing his way, therefore if he really was a tragic hero he would have let the great chain of being chose him to be the king and not Macbeth chose himself.

Knowledge and Wisdom

Knowledge – and wisdom. Sometimes we have all we need of one, but not enough of the other. And often, too often, we don't know the difference. Often, too often, we mistake knowledge, the accumulation of facts, for wisdom, the ability to make the right choices in life.To succeed as individuals, and as a nation, we need to know how to put what we know to proper use. Perhaps this is why our system of education so often fails. Children are fed facts, lots of facts, without being shown the use of those facts. That can lead to a gain in knowledge without any gain in wisdom, or it can lead nowhere at all as the student turns away from what he or she perceives as busy work designed to fill the mind with useless facts.Often, too often, students are told they must learn something without being told why, without being guided toward the wisdom they will need to put to proper use the facts they are given. Or they are told they must learn something to pass an examination. A passing grade is held up as the ultimate goal, and that's not good.What should be held up as the ultimate goal is both knowledge and wisdom gained in school that can be put to good use in life. When the student sees that this fact, or that bit of information, can have real value somewhere besides on an examination, that student will want to learn. And that student will have a higher score on any examination. Knowledge – and wisdom. One needs the other, and we all need both.

Differences between the swedish and english school systems Essays

Differences between the swedish and english school systems Essays Differences between the swedish and english school systems Essay Differences between the swedish and english school systems Essay Differences between the Swedish and English school systems BY see Comparison Swedish and Great Britain school system The school system Sweden has, is classified very low according to a global survey which includes 40 countries. As the Great British school system is increasing in rank, the Swedish one is decreasing in rank. Why is that? In this analysis, I am going to explain why, by mostly looking at the salary systems in each country. Swedish school system. The preschool (normally 1-5 years old) in Sweden addresses up to 5 years old children. The preschool is not mandatory, but it is a great way for the parents to earn how much time they have to spend on their childrens homework and also to get a picture about how easy or hard their child can learn. The later preschool (normally 6 years old) is voluntary I Sweden. Every child in Sweden shall be offered a place in a preschool class. Primary school is mandatory for all children between 7 and 16 years old. It has the numbers, class 1-9. The school start is flexible in that way that your age can vary between 6-8. After Primary school, you are not required to go to Secondary school. You can choose to quit school when youve finished the elementary school, but you will be asked to go o the secondary school, two to four years, it is called the Gymnasium. When you finish secondary school you can choose to go to university. The average salary for a teacher is around 30. 000 SEEK per month. The Swedish school system is ranked number 21/40. The best 3 universities in Sweden are ranked number 42, 82, and 106 Great British school system Primary education in Great Britain starts at age 5 and continues until age 1 1, comprising key stages one and two under the I-J educational system. From age 11 to 16, students will enter secondary school Primary and secondary education is mandatory in Great Britain; after age 16, education is optional. Once a student finishes secondary education they have the option to extend into further education to take their A-Levels etc. Great British students planning to go to college or university must complete further education. Most international students will enter directly into the Great British higher education system, after completing their home country equivalent to the Great British further education. The entry requirements, each level of education in Great Britain has varying requirements which must be satisfied in order to gain entry at that level http:// www. Educational. Net/salaries UK. HTML Sub. SE/Pages/Classifiers. Asps? Id=259066 http://blob. VT. SE/Oldenburg/2012/11 /27/sevens-kilometers-21 a-I-overlade/ Education. Gob. UK/get-into-teaching/salary. Asps 20. 000 SEEK / month, experienced teachers, 46700 SEEK / month. Great British school system is ranked number 6/40. The three best universities are ranked number, 2, 3 and 8 Comparison Both the Swedish and the British school systems consists of five levels, with different names. The big difference is that in Great Britain, it is mandatory to go t o school from he age five until you turn 16. That is a eleven years of education. Compared to Sweden where its mandatory to go to school from the age of 7 to 16. That is a total of 9 years of education. One could ask; -is that enough? -Well, if you start by looking at facts, the Swedish school system is ranked number 21 in the world, while the British school system is ranked number 6. So, there must be something that Great Britains are doing to achieve a better school ranking, but what might that be? I think that the two years longer you attend in school in regards to the British system has a huge impact on your score as well as on the performance. However, I believe there is more to it, why the Great British schools are better than the Swedish ones. I think it has do to with the effectiveness as well as the strictness of the schools. Another other theory is that the Swedish teachers are to UN-motivated because of the relatively lower salary system. The salary for teachers in Sweden depends on which level you teach. If you teach in the secondary school, you would get a better salary than a teacher in the preschool. But how much profit could you take by teaching in secondary school instead of reechoes? If you are a Swedish teacher your salary would change Just a little (approximately 9%) depending on what education you have and in which subject you teach in, but regardless of how good you perform(at least not noticeable). In the I-J, the teacher salary system is divided into 9 different levels, Mainly to 133. It is a 80% difference between the salary you get at Main 1 and U 3. New teachers often start at the bottom of the salary levels, also known as the MI . Each year, teachers on the main salary scale move to the next point of the scale, as long as they perform good results. Depending on how they perform as a teacher they could even advance by two steps in the pay scale. Http://www. Educational. Net/salaries_UK. HTML Conclusion When I look back at my comparison I believe that the Great British school system is stronger, where you have a better chance of achieving good scores. Thats because the teachers gets more motivated when they know that they can rank up as a teacher as well as getting a better pay. It becomes more like a competition Who is the best teacher? . But I dont think that all the teachers are doing their work to take profit, for all the days off they get as a teacher. There are different people who work for different reasons as you can see. But why take away the chance to earn more money for those who work for money? If you combine a strong salary system like the Great British one, with a great school system like both Sweden and Great Britain has, you get more people interested in becoming a teacher because you meet everyones wills. Either way, I think you deserve a better pay if you do a better Job than the rest of the teachers. I think this is one of the main reasons why the Great British school system is better ranked than the Swedish one.

13 EssentialJob InterviewTips to Help You Get Hired

13 EssentialJob InterviewTips to Help You Get Hired SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Oh, job interviews. Love them or fear them, there’s no getting around interviewsfor most working people. Luckily, interviewing’s a skill like any other, and there are lots of ways you can practice and improve your game. This guide contains the best strategies for getting ready for a job interview and making an excellent impression on the hiring manager. Read on for13 essentialtips on what you should do before, during, and after your interview to land your target job! Before the Interview†¦ There are lots of steps you can take to planfora job interview, from practicing your responses to common interview questions to picking out your outfit the night before. Preparation will not only help you rock your interview, but it will also calm your nerves by reducing all those scary unknowns. Read on for the six most important ways to get readyin the days leading up to your interview. #1: Map Your Route The last thing you want to happen on the day of your job interview is to be late. It would be pretty much the worst to end up running into the building feeling frazzled and out of breath. Getting lost and being late are disorienting and will distract you from doing a good job. To prevent this from happening, you should plan how and when to get to your interview beforehand. Map out the route and get a sense of traffic conditions or train schedule on that day. Then write down a schedule for that morning - when you need to wake up, meal prep, getting dressed - or whatever else you cando to take control of timing. A good rule of thumb is to plan to arrive near the building 25% of your total time early. If the commute takes two hours, try to be there 30 minutes early. If it takes 30 minutes, then give yourself seven to ten minutes of extra leeway. Then you can hang out and enter the building about five minutes before your interview. If you’re late on the day of your interview, you’ll get stressed outand start out on the wrong foot.If you walk in way too early, you'll probably make the other employees feel awkward as you lurkinthe entrance hall. While you’re surely preparing what to say, don’t forget to planfor a smooth, punctual arrival, too! #2: Dress the Part In addition to planning your route to get to your interview, you should also think about what you’re going to wear.Business casual clothes tend to be best, otherwiseknown as "corporate classics." You might also get a sense of what employees tend to wear on a day-to-day basis. If you know anyone that works there, that person could be a great source of intel. Of course, those employees have already been hired, so you should dress a little â€Å"up† from what they’re wearing. In general, it's better to err on the side of slightly more formal, rather than less. Pick out your outfit and do any ironing or dry cleaning in advance. By picking out your clothes, you can make your morning easier, look great, and feel more confident. Lookin' sharp. And also like a groomsman in a wedding. This outfit might err on the side of too dressy. #3: Print Your Materials Besides your fabulous self in your corporate classic outfit, what do you need to bring to the interview? Unless instructed otherwise, it’s a good idea to bring a few copies of your resume. You might print out five or so, especially if you’re interviewing with more thanone person. In addition to the interview, you could bring a list of references with contact information or perhaps recommendation letters themselves. You might also have supplemental materials, likea portfolio of work, your sales record, or even a two-month plan you drew up to show the hiring manager what steps you’d take in the new position. Print everything out a day or two beforehand; printers have a habit of breaking at the worst possible time. Gather everything in a folder or binder so that it’s organized and accessible. You wouldn’t want to go shuffling through your bag, taking out old receipts and gum wrappers, in search of your resume right after you just finished telling the interviewer how organized you are! #4: Do Your Research Before the interview is your time to dig deeply into the organization and job. Learn everything you can about the job description and company, like its mission, workplace values, and overall culture. If applicable, you might considerways thecompany could improveand how you could contribute to those positive changes. During the interview, you want to show that you’re knowledgeable about the organization and enthusiastic to join it. By doing thorough research online or by speaking to current or former employees, you can tailor everythingyou say to the new job and company. You can also use what you learned to inform any questions you have for yourinterviewer. Overall, your goal in the interview is to show that you’re qualified and that you have a clear understanding of the job. By doing your research, you can be strategic about what you say and make sure all your answers match up to the opportunity at hand. Inch your nose a little closer to that grindstone! It's time to do some research. #5: Investigate Your Interviewer Beyond learning about the new job and organization, you can also do some investigating about your interviewer. Thanks to LinkedIn, Twitter, and the internet in general, you may be able to get some intel on your interviewer before meeting her in person. Learning about your interviewercan be one more way to be strategic about your answers during the interview. You might uncover common ground, like you both went to the same college or love to play ultimate frisbee, and work it into the conversation. You might be able to spark a connection that you otherwise wouldn’t have known about. OnLinkedIn, your interviewer will likely see that you visited her page. I spoke with a fewinterviewers who said they'dlook favorably on this LinkedIn research as a sign that you're doing your due diligence. They added that they wouldn't be too pleased if you tried to add them as a connection, though. Connecting on LinkedIn should be saved for people that you know. Finally, doing some research on your interviewer is also one other way to help you feel prepared. You can gain a sense of her professional and educational background. This knowledge can help you feel less nervous than you might walking into an interview with a completely anonymous person. #6: Prepare for Questioning The main part of your interview preparation should be thinking about your responses to common interview questions. Just about any interviewer will have questions on hand to explore your background and qualifications. Your interviewer will likely also ask follow-up questions aimed todig even deeper intowhat you have to say. Some common questions include, "Tell me about yourself," "Why do you want this job?" and "What would you contribute in this role?" The hiring manager might also ask you to share specific experiences of times that you achieved something, failed, managed conflict, or demonstrated leadership. In preparing your responses, you should think of ways that you can show that you possess the core competencies that the interviewer's looking for. Once you comeup with your responses, you might also practice by doingmock interviews with a friend - or a mirror! Practice what you would say, aiming to sound natural rather thanrehearsed. You may not have a word-for-word script, but you should make sure to hit salient points. Now that you have a sense of the main steps to prepare in the weeks and days leading up to the interview, let’s go over a few interview tips that apply during the meeting. What can you do to feel confident and make a great impression? Do mock interviewswith a friend to perfectyour responsesand body language. During the Interview... Now for the main event! The interview's your chance to prove to the hiring manager that she should hire you. It's also an opportunity for you to learn more about the position and organization. There's a lot to juggle during the interview, but below are the most important job interview tips for answering prompts, asking questions, and making sure your body language communicates the right message. #7: Be Clear and Concise A lot of interview questions are open-ended (for instance, tell me about yourself), but that doesn’t mean you should tell your whole life story. You want to avoid going off on tangents, and instead produce concise answers that make an impact. Aim to speak for about one to two minutes in response to most interview questions. Try to structure and conclude your answers in a clear way. Without preparation, it’s all too easy to trail off at the end with a vague, â€Å"So, yeah†¦Ã¢â‚¬  You can practice this before the meeting with mock interview practice. Then, when you actually sit down with your interviewer, you'll be ready to deliver your ideas in a clear and impactful way. For more on what this looks like, check out our sample answers to common interview questions here. #8: Ace Behavioral Questions A lot of interviewers ask behavioral questions that call for specific examples. "Describe a time you demonstrated leadership," is one example. "Could you speak to a time that your behavior impacted your team?" is another. Then there’s the dreaded, "Talk about a time that you failed." These can be some of the hardest questions to answer. If you’re caught off guard, then it’s easy for your mind to go blank. Or you might have a lot of situations pop into your mind, but you’re not sure which one you should choose. Ideally, you can choose a success story that illustrates you possess one of the major qualities the hiring manager is looking for. Similarly, if you’re asked to talk about a failure, don’t mention a time you failed because you lack one of the job’s core competencies. As with all your answers, aim to be strategic. Ideally, everything you say willgo on the hiring manager’s list of reasons to hire you. When it comes to questions that deal with weaknesses or mistakes, make sure to focus on the experience as an opportunity for growth and talk about what you did to overcome your problem. Don’t evade the question, but move on from the error to focus on the positive that came from it. Again, be strategic about the examples you choose. Your stories should show that you’ve taken actions in the past that point to your successin thefuture. You might be asked to talk about a specific time you handled conflict, demonstrated leadership, or dealt with a hot air balloon burner blast valvemalfunction (the last one being most relevant for aspiringhot air balloon pilots). #9: Embrace the Culture Beyond showing that you’re qualified, you also want to show that you’d make a strong cultural fit. Here’s where all the research you did before comes in handy. Learn about the company’s values and show that you share those same commitments in your answers. The interviewer may ask you about your work style, relationships with coworkers, or professional values. These types of questions all relate backto cultural fit. Keep an eye out for these questions and realize that they'reopportunities to show why you’d makea great addition to the team. #10: Ask Questions Don’t be fooled into thinking that an interview’s a one-sided interrogation. You should feel free, even obliged, to ask your interviewer questions throughout your time together.The meeting’s not just a chance for the hiring manager to get to know you, but it’s also an opportunity for you to learn more about the job and organization and pick the brain of someone who works there. In addition to getting you more information, asking questions isone more way to show your enthusiasm and readiness to learn. It demonstrates your active interest in the organization. You should save at least two or three good questions for the end of the interview. Most hiring managers ask, â€Å"Do you have any questions for me?†Your answer should always be yes! You might use the ones you prepared or draw on new ones you thought of throughout your conversation. You might ask about a typical day in the office, the organization’s short-term and long-term goals, or what your teammates would be like. You could also do some research on what CEO’s say are their favorite questions from applicants. CEO of Likable, Dave Kerpen, for instance, loved the question, â€Å"How will the work I’ll be doing contribute to the organization’s mission?† as he thought it showed the applicant really cared abouther work and had an eye on the big picture. You can find a longer list of potential questions to ask your interview in this complete guide. As with all your interview prep, make sure to tailor your questions to the target job and organization. Make sure to ask questions to show yourinterest in the position. Good question 1 + good question 2 + good question 3 = pure enthusiasm, as this equation clearly shows. #: Show Enthusiasm Hiring managers want to invest in someone who’s dedicated to the organization and eager to contribute. Taking on a new hire is a significant investment, so enthusiasm for the job is a major factor when deciding who to choose. You can show your excitement through how prepared you are, how much you know about the job and company, and any specific plans you have for what you’d bring to the role. Avoid saying anythingthat could indicate you’re not veryinterested; for instance, don’t ask about how soon you can move up in the company or suggest that the job’s just a steppingstone for you. Instead, express your enthusiasmand show how you’ll channel that positive energyto bring value to the company. #12: Be Aware of Your Body Language Beyond what you say, your body language also communicates a greatdeal. If you’re nervous, it can feel like your hands and arms are doing their own thing independent of your body. Try to be aware of any physical tension and rein it back in. Slouching, crossing both your arms and legs, or perching on the edge of your seat could indicate discomfort, nervousness, or a sense of being closed off. Try toconsciously face your interviewerwith your whole body to show that yourattention is focused on her and what she has to say. Similarly, facing your interviewer directly can show that you're engaged and actively listening. As you do your mock interviews, consider what your body language is communicating and how you can show that you’re confident in your qualifications for the job. The interview process doesn’t actually end when you say goodbye and leavethe room. There are a few more steps that you should take after the interview if you’re serious about getting the job. Read on to learn what you can do after the meeting to solidify your good impression. This crossed arms stance says, "Go away. I'm too cool to talk to you." The moose head belt buckle, though, might undermine that last claim. After the Interview... Your final handshake on the way out the door shouldn't be your last communication with the hiring manager. Instead, you should follow up with her via a thoughtful note. Read on to see what you can say to make your note stand out from the pack. #13: Send a Thank You Note and Follow Up You may have heard that it’s a best practice to follow up with your interviewer after the meeting. But how exactly should you follow up, and what should you say? In most cases, it’s fine to send an email. Depending on the manager and company, a handwritten note might also add a creative, personalized touch. As for the content of your follow-up, you should make sure to thank the interviewer for her time. You should also restate your interest in the position. Beyond these two essentials, you should consider other ways to personalize your note. For instance, you could touch on something specific the two of you talked about or add some more thoughts in response to an interview question. Perhaps you could send a link to an articlethat came up or even news about an activity or movie you'd both discovered was a sharedfavorite. Adding these kinds of extra details is one more way to make a connection with your interviewer and make sure she remembers you. After your follow-up, you’ll likely wait to hear from the employer about next steps or, ideally, the decision to hire you! If the hiring process involves a second round of interviews, then make sure to keepprepping for the next one. Now that you've taken a look at the 13 essential tips for interview prep, let's go over the key takeaways toremember as you get ready to rock your job interview. Sending a thoughtful follow-up after your interview's a nice touch. Sending a basket of red roses is overkill. Key Takeaways for Job Interview Success Interviews can be daunting, and they become even more nerve-wracking if you don’t what to expect. To reduce the unknowns and feel more confident, you should take plenty of time to plan and prepare. Plan how to get to the interview and what to wear. Prepare what you’ll say during the interview and how you’ll follow up afterward. All of this preparation will helpyou feel more confident, especially if you have trouble thinking on your feet in unfamiliar situations. Other strategies can help you feel more bold, too. Try to get a good night’s sleep so you can be energetic and alert. Proactively reduce stress by exercising and consuming less caffeine and sugar. You might even tryâ€Å"power posing† with your hands on your hipsfor two minutes before going into the interview (ideally, where someone can’t see you). Our minds are parts of our bodies, after all, so prioritizing physical self-care can only help get your head in a good place before interviewing. Ultimately, your best bet for job interview success is to show up deeply informed about the new job and organization. Give thoughtful, tailored responses that show you have the core competencies your interviewer seeks and would excel in the new role. Know your audience. Prepare yourself.Get the job. Easy enough, right? What’s Next? You know that you should prepare your responses to common interview questions, but what exactly are those questions? Check out this comprehensive guide for the top 100 questions asked in a job interview! Are you wondering how to structure your responses? This guide has real sample answers to seven of the most common job interview questions. Are you in the midst of the job hunt? Check out this guide for six free cover letter samples, plus a step-by-step cover letter template to guide you through the writing process. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Rebecca Safier About the Author Rebecca graduated with her Master's in Adolescent Counseling from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. She has years of teaching and college counseling experience and is passionate about helping students achieve their goals and improve their well-being. 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Little Prince Reaction Paper

Little Prince Reaction Paper Little Prince Reaction Paper Little Prince Reaction Paper: The Process of Writing Have got an assignment to write a reaction paper on the Little Prince but do not know what to begin with? Reading of this article will help you to put your thoughts together! So, in what way can you write a good little prince reaction paper? Lets split your work into 3 main steps: preparing, writing and checking. There is no doubt that the first stage in the preparation for writing of the little prince reaction paper is reading of this wonderful childrens story even if you have already read it. To write a reaction paper on a book you should not only have the general idea about this book (know the characters, the plot and the ending) but also make the deep analysis of it. To do that you should study the book thoroughly. After you have read the story try to analyze it: define the main idea (what Antoine de Saint-Exupry wanted to say by writing this story), characterize the main characters (the Narrator, the Little Prince, the Fo x, the Rose, the Snake, the King and others). Remember: before writing your paper you should make a thesis statement. It will be the main point that your paper will prove. Define what exactly has touched you most of all: the issue of childhood and adolescence or the idea of the protection of the world we live in, for example. In this case you will have a lot of thoughts to write in your little prince reaction paper.When writing your little prince reaction paper you should keep all the writing requirements. Do not forget that your paper should contain such parts as the introduction, the main body and the conclusion. Editing is a very important process. Re-read your little prince reaction paper thoroughly several times in order to identify and correct all grammatical, punctuation or syntactical mistakes. When getting down to your little prince reaction paper, pay attention to the following points:Never postpone your writing for the last day. Although a reaction paper is not a large work it may play a significant role in your study. Like any academic paper a reaction paper should be well-structured. Pay your attention that all the paragraphs of your little prince reaction paper should be interrelated and prove the same idea the paper thesis statement. All your thoughts should be clear and understandable.So, this information will help you to write your little prince reaction paper. Anyway, if you face any difficulties, do not hesitate to contact us! We are always ready to help you in your study!

Diabetic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Diabetic - Essay Example Social support is getting support from friends and family who give assistance and comfort. Having the social support can improve the psychological well being of the patient (Schwartz, 2000). The relationship that exists among social support life stress, patient’s locus of control and the blood glucose control become evaluated in individuals with diabetes mellitus, using the objectives measures of the psychosocial variables. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hgb A-1C) control measures become taken at two regions for them to check the problems of the psychosocial variables on the change in diabetes control. A decrease in the social support leads to the worsening of the long term glycosylated hemoglobin control over time (Hellier, 2009). According to medics, diabetes is a progressive disease that surfaces as impaired glucose intolerance with a high level post meal glucose. These high glucose levels increasingly demand the pancreas to secrete additional insulin leading to a state of hyperinsulinemia. Nevertheless, the body gets resistant to insulin, and it later develops lack of insulin and high fasting glucose levels. This pattern represents Type 2 diabetes. The eventual exhaustion of the islet cells leads to the absolute lack of insulin presenting type 1 diabetes. To patients suffering from diabetes is quite a frightening experience, and the patients require all the physical and emotional support they can receive from their loved ones (Schwartz, 2000). The patients suffering from diabetes often complain of anxiety and fear about the future, experience fluctuations in their moods and find it difficult to cope with their daily lives. They also get tired at times. Depression is another common and dangerous complication witnessed by the people suffering from diabetes. The diabetics with depression posses a high rate of recurrent episodes of depressions in the preceding five years. Depressed persons do not have the motivation to

Nutritional science Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nutritional science - Assignment Example However, protein intake was 7% compare to the National Reference Value (NRV) of (15-25%) means less protein could cause serious health risks. The energy intake compared to expenditure reveals that intake was less than the population benchmark. This was attributed to by the medical condition the participant had known as lap band laparoscopy had only selective type of food. Generally the study concludes that most dietary assessment methods are limited by both bioavailability and natural variations in nutrients. Dietary assessment is the processes of evaluating nutrient intake by employing appropriate methods in order to identify the type of nutrients that are either under taken or overtaken by individual or a population. The appropriate method for dietary assessment is determined by the purpose and the target individuals. However, an appropriate dietary assessment must report all foods consumed by individuals including quantification, frequency and the nutrient content of each one (1). It is also important to note that quantification is very critical in assessment of nutrient intake and physical activity levels because of the need to compare individuals’ intakes of energy, macro and micronutrients with the recommended targets such as national reference values (NRV), Recommended Daily Intake (RDI), Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). One of the best methods for assessing nutrient intake and physical activity is the Weighed Food Records. Weighed food record is a dietary assessment method that involves an individual taking actual weights of foods and drinks prior to their consumption (2). The records also contain details of eaten foods including full description and the time of consumption. The precise weight of food eaten is gotten by subtracting the left over from the original weights before consumption to improve on accuracy. High calorie foods have been

Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theory - Research Paper Example The tolerance of others’ viewpoints and open attitude towards change along with having the scientific bent of mind are the concepts of basic philosophy for REBT theory. The aim of this motivation is to make people live happily while they are with others or in intimate relationships. The motivation provides an opportunity for people to strive towards happiness, while learning, working or enjoying. The â€Å"ABC† constructs of this theory refers to some event that happens to people, called as ‘Antecedent’, People’s thoughts with reference to such happenings, reflecting what happened in the event, which refers to ‘Belief’ and the ‘consequence’ of individual thought process or belief. This reflects behavior of people and their emotions, resulting from such thoughts. There is no particular theory as each individual is influenced by certain hereditary beliefs, which lead to thinking or acting irrationally and reacting emotionally. The environment that involves parents, teachers, peers and siblings are some of such influences. REBT relates to dysfunctions, which include any person’s irrational belief system generated from an experience, leading to undesirable situations and consequences. The concept of psychological health relates to the defeat of this human natural tendency, while preparing the individual for relying on rational beliefs, using the principal of unconditional acceptance. This theory teaches about balancing the social interest with self-interest, required for healthy living philosophy. (Jorn 2009) Albert Ellis is the founder of this theory, who presented it in 1950s to enhance the techniques of psychoanalysis and behaviorism, while fully addressing the relation between cognition and emotional disturbance. Developing the ABCDE model of this theory in relation to emotional disturbance, Ellis discovered the core irrational beliefs, which included demand for comfort, approval in love matters as well as demand

Curriculum Evaluation Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Curriculum Evaluation - Research Paper Example The curriculum aims to meet their needs, and have notable and measurable outcomes from the program (Keating, 2010). There are different models that nursing educators have designed over time so as to evaluate different curricula used in nursing education. There is the Nightingale Model, the Tyler Model, the Baldridge Evaluation System and the CIPP. This essay examines the Nursing curriculum of the University of Phoenix according to the CIPP model of curriculum evaluation. CIPP model This model is a qualitative method of evaluating curricula. The initials CIPP stand for â€Å"context, inputs, processes, and products.† It uncovers aspects that more contextual approaches have hidden. This is one of the advantages of this method, it brings to light, social processes that influence curriculum implementation, such as power relationships. It also helps the audience to understand the details of the situations. The CIPP model further helps in the development of instruments for quantitat ive evaluation of curricula (Utley, 2011). This model allows for the core components of nursing education to be evaluated at formative and summative levels. The components that are analysed in this case are as given by the initials the model name indicates. The curriculum The curriculum in issue builds up on previous knowledge as the learners are expected to add to their knowledge on several body systems. This knowledge is to be used in training the future nurses how to manage care of complex adult clients. It also aims to explain the role a nurse has to play in the assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of interventions used. All these processes have to be carried out in line with supporting data. Clinical experiences are also integrated into the learning process. This is to give the learners an opportunity to put into practice the theoretical knowledge gained from the classroom. Findings To evaluate this curriculum using the CIPP model, the components of the model ha ve to be related to the curriculum. It is vital to consider this curriculum as per the components of the model. The context examines the curriculum under two categories. First the fit between the vision of the organization and the program is examined. The ability of the organization to attain the goals and objectives it has in place is considered. All areas of training covered by the curriculum require both theoretical and practical know-how. This is observed in the learning objectives that have been set for each section. The University is well within its capability to attain the set course objectives. For teaching in theory, the university uses electronic resources, books, learning software, and other outlined course materials. Clinical conferencing and other practical activities such as filling in Preparatory Client Care Plan give the learners practical knowledge. Another aspect that helps in this aspect is that the University has set out the goals it wants to accomplish by comple tion of the specified learning period. Planning is vital for the achievement of anything. Inputs evaluation reveals the human and other resources in the institution, and their allocation. It also considers the cost-effectiveness of the curriculum (Young & Paterson, 2006). Curriculum implementation takes place in different modes. The classroom setting requires physical resources in order to create a conducive learning atmosphere. For a classroom to allow for students to learn well, it needs instructors, electricity,

Strategic Management Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategic Management Paper - Assignment Example The value discipline approach was created by Michael Tracy and Fred Wiersema. The three value disciplines are operational excellence, product leadership, and customer intimacy. Operational excellence deals with having superb operations and executions and execution quality at a reasonable price (Valuebasedmanagement, 2011). This strategy is not aligned with the objectives of Auxilium Pharmaceutical. The company has two patented product one of them, Xiaflex, was introduced in 2011. The company must implement a retail price strategy for its drugs, thus selling cheap or at discounted price is not a possibility. Product leadership is associated with innovation and brand marketing in dynamic marketplaces. This approach would be very suitable for Auxilium Pharmaceutical. The company already has build up some brand value due to its 13 years of existence in the marketplace. The third value discipline is customer intimacy. This approach is achieved by providing superb customer service and cust omer attention. The use of this value discipline can help the company achieve long term growth. The second strategy that the company can consider to achieve growth is the use of a generic strategy. The generic growth strategy approach was developed by Michael Porter. The three generic strategies are cost leadership, differentiation, and focus strategy. Cost leadership implies attempting to become the market leader in terms of prices in your industry. A cost leadership strategy is not well suited for a pharmaceutical company that sells patented drugs. Drug companies have to invest at least $1.2 billion to develop a new drug. Pharmaceutical companies such as Auxilium Pharmaceutical are given 20 years of patent protection to be able to recover their investment and to obtain a reasonable profit. Auxilium Pharmaceutical should not pursue a cost leadership strategy. The second generic strategy is called differentiation. â€Å"A differentiation strategy calls for the development of a prod uct or service that offers unique attributes that are valued by customers and that customers perceive to be better than or different from the products of the competition† ( Mcraigh, 2011). This growth strategy is aligned with the mission, vision, and objectives of Auxilium Pharmaceutical. The third generic strategy is focus. Focus is a hybrid strategy that attempts to achieve both cost and differentiation. Such a strategy is suitable for large companies with multiple products. Auxilium Pharmaceutical only has two products the company is aggressively marketing. The third strategy that Auxilium Pharmaceutical may pursue is a grand strategy. A grand strategy can be defined as a comprehensive long term plan of actions by which a firm plans to change its long term objectives (Businessdictionary, 2011). Some of the ways a company can implement a grand strategy to achieve business growth are joint ventures, acquisition, strategic alliances, divesture and diversification. A joint vent ure occurs when went two or more companies unite forces to form a new single entity. Prior to China’s acceptance into the WTO in 2001 the only way for foreign companies to penetrate the Chinese market was to form joint ventures with Chinese state owned companies. Strategic alliances occur when two or more companies participate together in a project or business function. For instance in the airline industry it is common for companies to form strategic alliance

Curriculum Evaluation Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Curriculum Evaluation - Research Paper Example The curriculum aims to meet their needs, and have notable and measurable outcomes from the program (Keating, 2010). There are different models that nursing educators have designed over time so as to evaluate different curricula used in nursing education. There is the Nightingale Model, the Tyler Model, the Baldridge Evaluation System and the CIPP. This essay examines the Nursing curriculum of the University of Phoenix according to the CIPP model of curriculum evaluation. CIPP model This model is a qualitative method of evaluating curricula. The initials CIPP stand for â€Å"context, inputs, processes, and products.† It uncovers aspects that more contextual approaches have hidden. This is one of the advantages of this method, it brings to light, social processes that influence curriculum implementation, such as power relationships. It also helps the audience to understand the details of the situations. The CIPP model further helps in the development of instruments for quantitat ive evaluation of curricula (Utley, 2011). This model allows for the core components of nursing education to be evaluated at formative and summative levels. The components that are analysed in this case are as given by the initials the model name indicates. The curriculum The curriculum in issue builds up on previous knowledge as the learners are expected to add to their knowledge on several body systems. This knowledge is to be used in training the future nurses how to manage care of complex adult clients. It also aims to explain the role a nurse has to play in the assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of interventions used. All these processes have to be carried out in line with supporting data. Clinical experiences are also integrated into the learning process. This is to give the learners an opportunity to put into practice the theoretical knowledge gained from the classroom. Findings To evaluate this curriculum using the CIPP model, the components of the model ha ve to be related to the curriculum. It is vital to consider this curriculum as per the components of the model. The context examines the curriculum under two categories. First the fit between the vision of the organization and the program is examined. The ability of the organization to attain the goals and objectives it has in place is considered. All areas of training covered by the curriculum require both theoretical and practical know-how. This is observed in the learning objectives that have been set for each section. The University is well within its capability to attain the set course objectives. For teaching in theory, the university uses electronic resources, books, learning software, and other outlined course materials. Clinical conferencing and other practical activities such as filling in Preparatory Client Care Plan give the learners practical knowledge. Another aspect that helps in this aspect is that the University has set out the goals it wants to accomplish by comple tion of the specified learning period. Planning is vital for the achievement of anything. Inputs evaluation reveals the human and other resources in the institution, and their allocation. It also considers the cost-effectiveness of the curriculum (Young & Paterson, 2006). Curriculum implementation takes place in different modes. The classroom setting requires physical resources in order to create a conducive learning atmosphere. For a classroom to allow for students to learn well, it needs instructors, electricity,

Global Human Resource Management in the Aviation Industry Research Paper

Global Human Resource Management in the Aviation Industry - Research Paper Example Airline leaders and managers must align their management practices especially HRM with the rapidly changing business environment. With most accidents in the aviation industry occurring due to human error, special training programs that reduce human error and increase the effectiveness of employees in the industry such as flight crew attendants, aviation engineers and pilots. HRM should focus on crew management programs that improve operational performance, situational awareness and decision-making. HRM policies are necessary in designing training programs to enhance the performance and efficiency of employees in the aviation sector. Most airliners operate in a global environment across different continents. In this regard, managers must adopt global human resource practices in line with the cultures and practices in the respective countries of operations. This research examines the HRM strategies and practices in the aviation industry. It examines the efficient HRM practices necessary to operate in the highly competitive and globalized aviation industry. It investigates the training design programs necessary t o avert human errors and improve efficiency among employees in the aviation industry. HRM deals with the management of people within the workplace and creating a favorable employer-employee relationship. Particularly, HRM is concerned with improving the performance of the employees in order to achieve organizational objectives. HRM is also important in improving the satisfaction of both the employees and the clients. HRM is very important in the success of any business such as the aviation industry. In the aviation industry, HRM improves customer satisfaction and minimizes the risk of human errors that could be fatal and cause accidents. Durai (2010) elaborates that HRM is wide and contains many factions such as job design and description, employee selection and training. Other divisions of HRM include project appraisal and reward systems. HRM has a

Energy Drink and Red Bull Essay Example for Free

Energy Drink and Red Bull Essay This global profile focuses on the industry trends in soft drinks. ? All values expressed in this report are retail/off-trade in US dollar terms using a fixed exchange rate (2012). ? 2012 figures are based on part-year estimates. ? All forecast data are expressed in constant terms; inflationary effects are discounted. Conversely, all historical data are expressed in current terms; inflationary effects are taken into account. SOFT DRINKS OFF-TRADE RTD VOLUME 534. 8 billion litres Bottled Water 192 billion litres Sports and Bottled and Energy Drinks Sports Energy Water 15 billion litres Drinks 205. 1 billion 16. 2 billion litres Concentrates litres 43 billion litres RTD Coffee 4. 5 billion litres Disclaimer Much of the information in this briefing is of a statistical nature and, while every attempt has been made to ensure accuracy and reliability, Euromonitor International cannot be held responsible for omissions or errors. Figures in tables and analyses are calculated from unrounded data and may not sum. Analyses found in the briefings may not totally reflect the companies’ opinions, reader discretion is advised. Carbonates 169. 5 billion litres. Fruit/Vegetable Juice 62. 0 billion litres Concentrates 43. 7 billion litres RTD Tea 30. 1 billion litres While Red Bull remains the world leader in energy drinks, it is facing growing competition from other players. TCCC in particular, with Monster in the US and Burn in Brazil, is also posing an increasing threat. These two markets are emerging as energy drinks battlegrounds and the implications are considerable for Red Bull’s ability to remain the number one ranked player.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 2Dietrich Mateschitz and Chaleo Yoovidhya each owned a 49% stake prior to 2012 when Mr Yoovidhya passed away. Mr Yoovidhya’s son Chalerm holds the remaining 2%. While Mr Yoovidhya was alive he acted as a silent partner. Red Bull GmbH Headquarters: Regional involvement: Category involvement: Fuschl am See, Austria Global Carbonates, sports and energy drinks ? Red Bull has created the global market for energy drinks, and the pioneering Red Bull brand has became synonymous with energy drinks for a large number of consumers. Red Bull remains bullish and ambitious in their corporate brand. Despite rising competition, Red Bull continues to comfortably lead the global energy drinks market in both volume and value terms. However, the threat from The CocaCola Co (TCCC) has been mounting. World soft drinks share by off-trade 0. 2% RTD volume (2012): World soft drinks off-trade RTD volume 12. 4% growth (2011-2012):  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 4 STRATEGIC EVALUATION Red Bull continues to see strong net sales growth ? Red Bull operates many other businesses aside from energy drinks The company owns and manages a construction company, football clubs, youth academies and TV broadcasting and recently online clothing (Red Bull label only) sales. ? Additional media products include print magazines about football, motor racing, celebrity gossip and lifestyle. The company has even ventured into the mobile phone service business in Austria, Hungary, Switzerland and South Africa.? As a privately-held company, financial information is limited however the company reported net sales of â‚ ¬4. 9 billion in 2012 and 5. 2 billion cans sold, representing growth of 15. 9% and 12. 8%, respectively.  © Euromonitor International ? Red Bull reported exceptionally strong net sales growth in South Africa (+52%), Japan (+51%), Saudi Arabia (+38%), France (+21%), the US (+17%) and Germany (+14%). Red Bull cited efficient cost management and ongoing brand investment as underpinning its growing profitability. SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 5 STRATEGIC EVALUATION SWOT: Red Bull GmbH STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Broad geographic presence ? Red Bull has ? Red Bull has a broad established a strong, geographic presence, consistent brand image which should ensure (an independent, edgy positive long-term brand) globally. Red Bull growth even if certain is synonymous with markets reach maturity. energy drinks in many countries. Category leader OPPORTUNITIES Category limitations Controversial ? In overall soft drinks, ? The relatively high Red Bull has a limited caffeine content of Red product portfolio Bull makes the brand compared to the rising highly vulnerable to number of rivals with a regulatory control. plethora of flavour variants and categories. THREATS. Emerging markets New production Competition High marketing costs ? Red Bull is building a new ? Monster represents the ? Market maturity in ? Emerging markets production facility in Brazil biggest threat to Red developed markets will represent newer which is likely to make its Bull as it contains make marketing to its geographies for Red retail price more natural ingredients, core consumers harder Bull’s expansion. competitive than imported which seem more than in the past. Accelerating the product prices. Building a desirable than Red Bull Constant communication marketing and site in Asia should also be for some consumers.with consumers means sponsorships in these high marketing costs. markets is a wise move. considered.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 6 STRATEGIC EVALUATION Key strategic challenges and objectives It is not easy at the top ? Red Bull’s success has attracted considerable interest from soft drinks multinationals, TCCC and PepsiCo. TCCC in particular has been successful at leveraging its distribution network to launch Burn across many markets and to back Monster. Burn is a major threat to Red Bull in Brazil while in the US Monster has overtaken Red Bull in offtrade volume sales terms. Red Bull will need to find ways to hold onto its number one ranking globally in energy drinks and stave off this competition. Will premium work in emerging markets? ? Red Bull has consistently maintained its premium positioning from its slimline metal cans to its price differential versus brands such as Monster. While this strategy has reaped dividends in the mature markets, it remains to be seen if it will sustain growth in the emerging markets. Brazil with its large population of lower-income consumers may pose a challenge giving cheaper brands such as TCCC’s Burn a competitive advantage. Red Bull stands up to health regulators ? While health officials continue to voice concerns over energy drinks and the category remains under threat from stronger regulation, energy drinks has seen relatively little impact in terms of sales. To some extent this has added to the category’s â€Å"edginess† attracting young consumers and generating consumer interest. There is little risk of Red Bull reformulating its product to cater to health concerns and instead the company insists that its products do not pose a health risk. Red Bull breaks with tradition in 2013 ? In 2013, Red Bull, for the first time in 15 years added new products to its energy drinks range. Red Bull underperformed the overall energy drinks market in 2011-2012. While the company’s market share of the energy drinks market in the US increased in 2012, the market’s growth rate overall began to wane. Red Bull remains heavily dependent on the US for its global growth. Weakness here is reflected in the company’s weakening global performance in volume terms. The company however continues to enjoy the position of number one ranked player in energy drinks globally with a 21. 4% market share. ? In terms of absolute volume growth however, the US remained Red Bull’s key growth engine in 2011-2012 reflecting growth of 96% over 2007-2012. Brazil came second in terms of absolute volume growth expanding by 608% over the review period or 48% CAGR. This market was a particular focus for Red Bull with the company sponsoring various sporting events in order to raise the brand’s profile.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 9 COMPETITIVE POSITIONING Red Bull faces mounting pressure ? In value terms, the company’s performance was stronger in recent years although even in value terms the company’s performance fell below that of the energy drinks market overall. The energy drinks market has attracted a number of other players including Monster Beverage Co, and The Coca-Cola Co (TCCC) which marketed it own brands in the category including Burn as well as engaging in a distribution alliance with Monster Beverage Co. PepsiCo had a modest presence in energy drinks with its brand Sting; however like TCCC it maintained its own alliance, with Rockstar Inc. ? Red Bull’s sister brand non-carbonated Red Bull remains owned by TC Pharmaceutical which led the energy drinks category in China and was present in Thailand where it ranked second. Top 10 players in soft drinks by off-trade value share Soft Drinks: Global Top 10 Companies by Off-Trade Value, Rank 2007-2012 and 2012 Share 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2011 Company Coca-Cola Co, The PepsiCo Inc Nestle SA Suntory Holdings Ltd Dr Pepper Snapple Group Inc Danone, Groupe Red Bull GmbH Asahi Group Holdings Ltd % company share 2012 26. 2 11. 3 2. 8 2. 7 2. 0 1. 9 1. 6 1. 5 ? Danone’s volume share is significantly higher than its value share, due to its large volume sales of low-priced bottled water in emerging markets, notably Aqua (Asia Pacific) and Bonafont (Latin America). Meanwhile, Mondelez does not rank among the top 10 in value terms due to its reliance on the low-priced concentrates category in RTD volume terms. ? Red Bull GmbH however with its relatively premium but small serving size Red Bull brand ranks seventh in 2012. The company’s narrow focus in soft drinks, being almost exclusively based on energy drinks, continues to keep the company out of the top five in soft drinks. ? TCCC and PepsiCo capture a stronger share in value than in volume terms chiefly due to their products, particularly carbonates, being priced higher than local brands and   ? North America will continue to lead energy drinks in absolute volume growth terms over the forecast period. However, its CAGR of 8. 1% over 2012-2017 represents a moderation from the 11. 4% CAGR seen over 2007-2012. The Monster brand has led the market in the US over the review period in terms of absolute volume growth. Rockstar, due in large part to its alliance with PepsiCo, has also seen strong growth in this market. ? Red Bull entered China in 2011, however Asia Pacific remains the company’s weakest region in terms of market share. However, this region will be exceeded only by North America in terms of absolute off-trade volume growth over 2012-2017 which may raise some concerns for Red Bull. After a period of strong market share gains in this region between 2007-2010 its performance began to moderate. TC Pharmaceutical with its non-carbonated version of Red Bull is the regional leader. Despite the close relationship between Red Bull GmbH and TC Pharmaceutical with the latter having been founded by the late Chaleo Yoovidhya, the companies remain separate entities.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 14 MARKET ASSESSMENT The Americas to lead growth in energy drinks ? In value terms, both Latin America and Asia Pacific gained in importance for Red Bull over the review period. Latin American sales represented 12% of global value sales in 2012 while Asia Pacific made up 8%. In terms of growth prospects, the strongest growth will take place in North America where the market for energy drinks will expand by US$4. 1 billion over 2012-2017. In CAGR terms however, the strongest performance will take place in Latin America which will see a 20% CAGR. ? Red Bull is ranked number one in both markets. In Latin America, its market share remains a healthy 49. 7%, however this represents a decline over 2007-2012 as the company faced strong competition from TCCC whose share has risen from 2. 5% in 2007 to 14. 9% in 2012. ? Growth in both Eastern and Western Europe will be a comparatively modest at 5% and 5. 1% CAGRs, respectively. However, these exceed the CAGRs for soft drinks overall in these regions, which will be only 2. 7% and 0. 5%, respectively. CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Leading players in energy drinks by off-trade volume and value  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 17 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull shows some weakness in volume sales ? The rankings of the leading players in energy drinks vary significantly by volume and value. Red Bull commands a stronger market share in value than in volume terms reflecting its relatively high price points and reliance on the mature markets, particularly the US, for its sales. The company however maintained is leading position by both measures in 2012 although in both cases it has seen its market share plateau over 2007-2012. ? The Lucozade brand has faced strong competition in its domestic UK market from Red Bull. In 2012, GSK announced a strategic review of the Lucozade and Ribena brands, which may lead to possible divestment. ? Red Bull has been constrained to some extent in volume terms by its highly concentrated production infrastructure. Up to 2012, the company produced exclusively in Austria leading to high shipping and ? The major winner over the review period was production costs, which opened up the emerging Monster Beverage Co, which until 2012 was known markets in particular to less expensive energy drinks as Hansen Natural Corp. Underpinned by its brands. In 2012, the company announced plans to distribution agreement with TCCC the brand has build its first factory abroad in Brazil which may help made rapid gains in both value and volume terms. improve its competitiveness. The brand’s success has been driven by its North ? Rockstar’s distribution agreement with PepsiCo did American performance where it generated 90% of not bring in the same share gains as the Monster its volume sales in 2012. and TCCC alliance. Rockstar made few share gains ? In contrast GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and its Lucozade brand have been losing market share. In volume terms, GSK has lost 2. 4 percentage points in market share over 2007-2012. globally, with sales mainly coming from developed Western markets where Red Bull continues to lead. PepsiCo may have found it hard to drive Rockstar sales in these mature markets in the face of TCCC’s penetration and Red Bull’s dominance.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 18 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Most dynamic energy drinks markets over forecast period  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 19 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull tries to counter weakness in key markets with new launch ? While the US will lead growth in energy drinks in both volume and value terms over 2012-2017 there are clear differences among the top 10 rankings by both measures. ? China will push ahead of Brazil in volume growth terms. The market for energy drinks in China is more mature than in Brazil. Unit price growth in Brazil will as a consequence be higher than that in China allowing it to take second position in terms of value sales growth. In China, Red Bull’s sister company TC Pharmaceutical with its Red Bull is the overwhelming category leader with a market share of 81. 2% in off-trade volume terms in 2012. ? Markets entering the top 10 in volume terms include the Philippines and Vietnam both relatively price-sensitive markets. Per capita consumption however in both markets is higher than the global average. Energy drinks in many Asian markets have a long history of being consumed by truck drivers and labourers as a temporary energy boost. These products were in fact the original inspiration for Red Bull; a Westernised version of the potent drinks sold through by Thai pharmacists.  © Euromonitor International ? The UK ranks among the top five most dynamic markets in both volume and value terms. While Lucozade remains the leader here, its fortunes have waned. Red Bull was responsible for much of Lucozade’s market share loss in the early part of the review period. However, later in the review period, smaller brands are increasing fragmentation. The UK is becoming increasingly fragmented as newer and smaller players have entered the market. ? In 2013, Red Bull launched three new flavour variants in the US market. This marks the first major launch for the brand in the energy drinks category over the review period. The new range called Edition includes cranberry-, blueberry- and lime- flavoured variants packaged in red, blue and silver cans, respectively. The move may help to invigorate consumer interest in key markets such as the UK and the US where the range of energy drinks options has increased considerably. It is recommended that the range be rolled out to other markets where market share has weakened. SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 20 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Top US brands in energy drinks  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 21 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull and Monster look to high-adrenaline sports sponsorship Monster pulls ahead in volume sales ? The Monster brand pulled ahead of Red Bull in the US energy drinks market in 2009 in volume sales terms but remains second to Red Bull in value terms. Monster has achieved wider presence in supermarket and forecourt retailers. TCCC has leveraged its strong distribution network through both channels thus giving Monster an edge in terms of volume sales. ? The Monster brand has also been supported by sponsorship of high-adrenaline sports such as MotoGP, NASCAR and Freestyle Motocross which is a direct challenge to Red Bull, which also relies on sponsorship of these sorts of events to maintain consumer interest. Another reason behind the disparity has been the fact that Red Bull sells primarily in smaller 8. 3oz cans, whereas Monster is sold in larger 16oz cans at a relatively cheaper price. Red Bull has since begun to offer its product in a wider variety of sizes and in 2012 trumped Monster with Red Bull Stratos, sponsoring Felix Baumgartner’s free-fall from over 128,000 feet. Threat from consumer health ? Both Monster and Red Bull have also been challenged by the 5-Hour Energy brand from Living Essentials, included in Euromonitor International’s Consumer Health database as a tonic and bottled nutritive drink. This product has been heavily marketed on US television and offers a small pack size (57ml) and the benefit of being sugar-free. While Monster is targeted primarily at younger male consumers, 5-Hour Energy is positioning itself as a pick-me-up for office workers and working mothers. ? The addition of new flavours in 2013 will help to reignite consumer interest. Red Bull’s success in the US has been due in part to its success in the on-trade which has helped to introduce the brand into the off-trade. Educating consumers about how the new flavours can be mixed with alcoholic drinks in the on-trade should form part the marketing campaign to launch the brand.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 22. CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Leading players in Brazilian energy drinks  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 23 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Red Bull vs Burn in Brazil TCCC pushes Burn ? Strong growth in the Brazilian energy drinks market has attracted a wider number of players, many of whom have focused on the emergent C socioeconomic class, launching energy drinks at lower prices in 1-litre PET bottles. Examples include BadBoy Power Drink from Horizonte and Orbit from Bebidas Chiamulera. These moves have helped to fuel growth overall in the category.? TCCC has made significant gains in the market with its Burn brand investing significant resources in marketing. Like Red Bull, TCCC has targeted high-adrenaline sporting activities, announcing in 2012 its sponsorship of Kimi Raikkonen’s Lotus F1 team. The brand competes directly with Red Bull, packaged similarly in a slimline metal can. Its price points however are typically lower than those of Red Bull giving it a stronger presence among lower-income groups. ? In 2012, Red Bull announced plans to begin producing its energy drinks locally. Localisation of production will help Red Bull ? Localising production in such a key market is a wise move for Red Bull. It also gives the company stronger capacity more widely in Latin America where the markets for energy drinks in Colombia and Mexico are also set to see strong growth. While Red Bull’s number one position remains safe for the time being, reducing the price premium with TCCC is recommended. This will be supported by significantly reducing costs associated with importing the product from Austria. ? The entry of Anheuser-Busch InBev NV was a key development in the market in 2011. By 2012, the Fusion brand had managed to capture 0. 2% of sales in off-trade volume terms which, while modest compared to the Red Bull brand at 19. 8%, indicates strong potential for further growth. Marketing initiatives centred around the popular Big Brother Brazil TV programme in 2012 helped to increase awareness of the brand among young people.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 24 CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES Worlds apart: A tale of two Red Bulls ? The relative weakness of Red Bull from Red Bull GmbH in Asia Pacific is due in part to the strength of sister brand Red Bull from TC Pharmaceutical. A more cohesive international strategy should be developed by both companies. ? The strongest prospects for the two players is in China, however opportunities are also being missed in markets such as the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. TC Pharmaceutical sales here in energy drinks have been virtually flat over the review period, as newer, more dynamic brands such as Cobra from Asia Brewery and Sting from PepsiCo in the Philippines have invested heavily in marketing and advertising. ? A decisive entry for Red Bull GmbH in key Asian markets will be complicated by the presence of TC Pharmaceutical’s Red Bull. However, both companies could benefit from working more closely together including on the production side to reduce costs and widen their distribution network. The sudden death of TC Pharmaceutical founder Chaleo Yoovidhya in 2012 may present a challenge however in ongoing collaboration.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 25 STRATEGIC EVALUATION COMPETITIVE POSITIONING MARKET ASSESSMENT CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES BRAND STRATEGY OPERATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS BRAND STRATEGY Red Bull’s premium focus will result in pressure on market share ? Red Bull’s sales in 2012 remained dominated by the US market. In most of its major markets the company has managed to retain its number one position in volume terms despite strong competition from newer entrants. The US is an exception where Monster owing to the strength of its alliance with TCCC combined with an aggressive marketing campaign has managed to topple Red Bull from first place. ? In value terms however, the company’s premium positioning has meant its ranking has remained more secure. As the dynamics of forecast demand shift to emerging markets, where consumers remain more price sensitive, this premium focus will result in growing pressure on Red Bull’s market share. TCCC and PepsiCo have emerged as the company’s strongest competition whether indirectly through distribution agreements such as TCCC/ Monster and PepsiCo/Rockstar and through their own directly owned brands such as Burn and Sting, respectively  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 27 BRAND STRATEGY High octane sports drive home Red Bull message ? Event and sports sponsorship have been key elements for Red Bull’s marketing strategy for many years. Red Bull’s eponymous brand has achieved remarkable global success and 30-40% of its sales are re-invested back in marketing and promotional activity. Red Bull’s strategy has historically been a 3-pronged approach incorporating buzz marketing, sponsorship and TV advertising. Buzz marketing, including handing out free samples at campuses and events where under 30s gather, is often used as a way of initially raising consumer awareness when entering new markets. ? In 2012, the company took its marketing literally to an entirely new level with the Stratos campaign which featured Felix Baumgartner in a record- breaking 128,000 feet jump from the earth’s stratosphere, making him the first man to break the speed of sound while in freefall. The event was streamed live on line with viewers able to log in to post comments via Twitter and Facebook. Motorsports is another key focus for the company with its own very successful F1 racing team.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 28 BRAND STRATEGY Red Bull tries to stay true to its roots ? In a bid to stave off competition from rival brands, Red Bull launched the Red Bull Edition range in 2013 in select city markets in the US. The launch will likely be followed by a nationwide roll-out later in the year. Despite pressure from other energy drinks brands many of which have launched additional flavours Red Bull has stayed loyal to its original formulation and packaging. ? The launch of cranberry, blueberry and lime Red Bull variants is a major direction change for the brand, being its first major launch over the review period. In order to differentiate between Red Bull Edition and the original Red Bull the new cans received a facelift with the addition of new colours and a new bull design. ? Red Bull has not as aggressively as other brands launched into new packaging formats, remaining almost exclusively with slimline metal cans. It has however in some mature markets such as the UK launched into 1-litre PET bottles. This reluctance is in part due to the company’s strategy of retaining its premium positioning.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 29 STRATEGIC EVALUATION COMPETITIVE POSITIONING MARKET ASSESSMENT CATEGORY AND GEOGRAPHIC OPPORTUNITIES BRAND STRATEGY OPERATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS OPERATIONS Expanded corporate operations Red Bull GmbH Red Bull Soft Drinks Other Businesses Red Bull Energy Drinks Motor Racing, Media, MVNO, Fashion Online Retailing Red Bull Simply Cola, Carpe Diem.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 31 OPERATIONS Red Bull looks to diversification ? Red Bull is diversifying into other businesses, rather than limiting itself to energy drinks. In recent years, it has been branching out and became a media company in its own right. The participation in sports sponsorships and events connects the company with a global brand that has passion and excitement associated with it. The company is also present in RTD tea and bottled water with the Carpe Diem brand which it launched to target the health and wellness trend in soft drinks. Carpe Diem Kombucha is a premium RTD tea sold in Western Europe. The brand is also in bottled water in Switzerland and Austria using plant extracts and slight carbonation to offer a healthy alternative to carbonates. ? The company owns two Formula One teams (Red Bull Racing, Scuderia Toro Rosso), a NASCAR racing team as well as several football teams in Brazil, the US and Germany. ? In South Africa, the company is partnering with Cell C to offer voice and broadband services as a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), ie a company that provides a mobile phone service but does not have its own licensed frequency. Red Bull Mobile will be the second MVNO in the country, after Virgin Mobile. ? It also sponsors many events from cliff diving to air races and subscribing to Red Bull Mobile is a way for people who like the brand to access further benefits when they attend these events. These kinds of partnerships between operators and consumer brands are common in Europe. In Germany, for example, one operator, E-Plus, has 19 such partnerships. It is a way for these brands to get closer to their target group. ? The Group also includes Austrian TV station ServusTV, lifestyle and fashion magazines and a construction company called Bull Bau. ? Red Bull had 8,966 employees in 165 countries as of 2012. The company, which is not listed, traditionally finances its investments from its cash flow.  © Euromonitor International SOFT DRINKS: RED BULL GMBH PASSPORT 32 OPERATIONS Red Bull expands production outside Austria for first time ? Red Bull received approval from the B\razilian government to build its first production facility in the country in early 2010. The companys initial investment in the pr.